Catholiicism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Catholiicism - Assignment Example This prompted many natives in dedicating themselves to serving church rather that working. This is due to the then priests’ intensive evangelization for many of them were energetic and enthusiastic, which triggered vigor not only among the entire clergy but also among Catholics. Hence, this led to significant changes that conveyed difference from the 20Th era up to date assuming ethnicity and pluralism. Ethnicity encompasses an internal state of irrespective of numerous State churches comprising a single American Catholic. This is because of numerous immigrants who relocated to America each based on own ethnic group differed significantly with the other including their own credence regarding Catholics. Hence, giving rise to conflicts on whose way of worship was acceptable way of being Catholic (Albanese 71). The force was so strong that they even fought to maintain their identity similar to Irish in 19Th era. Pluralism refers to peripheral state of one church being among numerous denominations. Although Catholic comprises the minority, it poses a threat to Protestants due to demonstrations and nativist (Albanese 76). This was evident in 1834 whereby due Nativism incidence churches incurred great loses due to destruction through torching. This is because both Protestants and Catholics intended were at loggerheads whereby each intending to lead in America in terms of masses. Consequently, this prompted a catholic archbishop conceive the idea of coming up with Catholic System schools. Centrally to the initial state of evangelization by Catholics together with many becoming nuns, the onset of 20Th era was quite different. This is because of reduction of nuns as many people preferred material gain that came with white-collar jobs; hence, they saw vows regarding chastity and poverty being too demeaning. This is evident to date whereby numerous Catholics only attend church during Holy days like Good Friday, which is an

The Lancaster Treaty Of 1744

The Lancaster Treaty Of 1744 The Lancaster treaty took place between June 28 and July 4, 1744 in the old courthouse. it was concluded by Iroquois( the Six Nations) and Maryland and Virginia colonies. The treaty focused on a land dispute between Virginia, Maryland and Iroquois. The dispute was centered on the Shenandoah Valley in Western Virginia where the interests of the populations and the three colonies tended to converge. Pennsylvania took part as an inter mediator with an attempt to play the part of a honest broker. Maryland and Virginia attended because Iroquois had threatened to extract payment forcibly form the frontier settlements which were claimed to have encroached their lands. The discussion between the Iroquois and the Colonial delegates was about the invasion by the Appalachians squatters of the eastern slopes. The Maryland and Virginia delegates did attend because the colonies were claiming the land in dispute. The Maryland and Virginia governors had for a period of two years been requested by the Iroquois to meet concerning the back part lands which they claimed to have aright over them.( James 2008, 45). The Iroquois complained that inhabitants from Maryland and Virginia had settled in their land without their permission. They also claimed that Maryland and Virginia had no right of settling in those land since they had no consent and also had not purchased the land neither. The Iroquois were possible of denying the French people passage through their territory due to this reason of land dispute. According to his 2008 edition James noted in page 50 that, the Maryland representatives said that neither the Great King of England nor his subjects had ever received a claim for a period of over one hundred years from the Iroquois or the Six Nations. Our Great King of England and his subjects have always possesssed the Province of Maryland free and undisturbed from any claims of the Six Nations for above hundred years past, and you are not saying anything before us, convinces us you though you had any lands in Maryland. They went ahead to tell the Iroquois that they were telling them nothing based on those grounds and that they had no pretense to any Maryland land. The Maryland also added that the Iroquois had no right to find out or make claims of any land under whatever title. The colonists were not pleased by the words of Canassatego saying that they were their elder brother or their claim to the American soil. (James 2008, 4). The Maryland said that the Iroquois had a small reason to keep complaining about land which they had first communicated about seven years ago and re communicated again two years ago to Pennsylvania (James 2008, 9). They said that the Six Nations had for a long time never complained about the land and it meant that they had no issue with the possession. The Maryland argued that there was no need to conflict bearing in mind that they were sons of one great king and are as one man and therefore no need to stir up quarrel. They convinced them with sweet words saying that past treaties have always emphasized that they stay like brothers. Through this they further told them that every misunderstanding between them should be done away with in every way through brotherly kindness and misunderstanding. when you spoke about the affair of land yesterday, you went back to old times and told us you had been in pocession of the province of Maryland above one hundred year: but what is one hundred years in comparison to when our claim began?(James 2008, 53). They insisted that the Maryland came out of the ground in a country that lies beyond the seas. They further argued that over hundred years the dutch had come in a ship to their land. They had brought with them goods such as knives, awls and guns and taught the Iroquois how to use them. This made the Iroquois think they were good people and went ahead and welcomed them telling them to tie their ship to the shore bushes.They further liked them and tied their ship to the trees and seeing that this was not secure enough, they allowed them to tie the ship to the rocks and even to the mountains. It was with time that they started allowing them use their land and resulted being the same people with the Iroquois. It was later that the dutch s tarted proving how they though they had actually helped us by bringing the tool; knives, awls and even guns and kept on saying that if it were not fro them the Iroquois could have perished lone time ago. They claimed this as false claiming that they lived even before that and may be in a better way. The speaker Conassatego added that the Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania had divided land amongst themselves and that was the reason they could not even tell how much each owned. The Virginia people claimed that they actually had right to the land since it had costed them a lot including blood. They demanded to be informed of the transactions which had been made and insisted that they even wanted to know the interpreter. They claimed that they conquered several nations including those back of the mountains in Virginia. They told them that what they were experiencing was merely from the fact that they were conquest. They denied the idea that the Great King of England and the people of that colony conquered the Indians who lived there arguing that it was not true. They claimed that what specifically lied beyond the mountains had been conquered by them and that the Virginians have a right to it. The Virginians further said that the mountains are the boundaries between them. They also reminded them of a treaty they held at Albany where they made a fence with the belt of Wampum and said that if any visitors came to the hill they would kill them. They argued that t hat was the same situation they were applying and asked the treaty to be confirmed on that (James 2008, 54-55). They also complained that the Iroquois came and lived to the wrong side of the hill contrary of the agreement and the Virginians never bothered after all they were not in a position to know what the people in the other side were doing. They also said that the Six Nations came and settled along the sides of the road of which they never complained of. They also demanded that the issue of settling along the roads be settled along the grant of the land. That the great river of potowmack and the high ridges which extend all along the frontiers on Virginia to the Westward of the present setlements of that colony, shall be for ever the established between the Indians subject to the Dominions of Virginia and the Indians belkonging and depending on the Five Nations (James 2008, 68). According to page 65 to 66 of the 2008 James edition, the Iroquois said that the Virginians had never possessed land there before. They also said that the treaty of Albany which they know was one made seventy years ago which was made for friendship and treated them as brethren which was by Colonel Henry Coursey.they also said that the other treaty was the Albany of fifty eight years ago in which the people of Virginia gave out their land to their Great King for his protection which was made by Lord Howard. The last treaty they talked about was the one made by Governor Spots wood which they claimed to have failed to recite. This treaty actually prohibited the Virginia to settle to westward of the mountains. They said that as the treaty said before, the Great River of Potomack and the high ridge mountains extending along the frontiers of Virginia shall be the boundaries between Indians and Virginia and the Indians of the Five nations. They said this treaty gave them no authority to wal k on those lands. They said that this is the treaty that they were referring and that it had been sent to their King had no action taken and to add it all some people had copies of the same treaty and still put their claims on the same land. The Virginia said that the Southern Indians also demanded the same land as the Iroquois. The Virginia however told them that they were ready by all means to live as brothers just as before and settle any disputes in a fair and honest way. They told the Six Nations that their complain should be made to the Great King who had the right to remove the people who had intruded. (James 2008, 67). the dispute between Virginia and you is setting up your right aginst the great King under whose grants the people you compalin are settled. Nothing but a command from the Great King can remove them. The three colonies had supporting evidence of how the land in question was theirs. At the end they came in to terms saying that the Connastoge and Sasquahannah indians had a right to sell the lands to the Virginia and Maryland. This is because the lands were theirs at those times but they had been conquered and they belonged to them. They argued that it was by no means that the Iroquois owned them since they have never sold or purchased any land (James 2008, 56). They actually demanded to be told how and when they conquered the Indians. At the end of the treaty, the Iroquois left with presents from both Maryland and Virginia. They were also able to reaffirm the importance of the centrality of the Iroquois confederacy and covenant chain. The Iroquois also at the end of the discussion put marks on two official deeds for the Virginia and the Maryland colonies to signify the extinguishing ownership of the land in dispute. The treaty ended in such a way that both sides were contended and happy of the outcomes (James 2008, 86-87). In conclusion, the treaty of Lancaster 1744 was about settling land disputes between the Virginia, Maryland and the Iroquois. The Pennsylvania was used to take part of an inter mediator and a honest broker. The Virginia claimed the land was theirs majorly because of the treaty of the roads. The Iroquois denied the argument saying that their was a treaty of Albany which gave them no right to settle in their lands. The Virginia further said that it was only the Great King who had authority to displace the people and no other force. The Maryland had settled in the land for over hundred years without any claim. The Iroquois demanded that the Maryland tell them how relevant hundred years was to the dispute in question. Despite all this arguments, the three came to agreement with Iroquois receiving lots of presents from both sides. Iroquois also gave them official deeds signifying the extinguishing land ownership.

The Cosmogonic Cycle in Conrads Heart of Darkness :: Heart Darkness essays

The Cosmogonic Cycle in Heart of Darkness  Ã‚   The short novel Heart of Darkness tells a story just like any other heroic myth, except better. This novel rewards an educated reader. Many find the work to be extremely confusing, and actually quite dull. Though it is a complicated book, a reader is stimulated by the symbols and linguistics used by Conrad. The most noticeable is the flaw in the Cosmogony Cycle. This cycle is an integral part of every hero’s journey. An important step in the cycle, the second step in fact, is finding a guide, either spiritual or tangible. If one were to look hard enough in most works of canonical literature, he would find all the necessary components of the Cosmogonic Cycle on the protagonist’s journey, the travel into the underworld, confronting the father figure, meeting, and saving, a female prisoner, then the journey back into the conscious. A guide is there to lead the hero. He generally is a man or woman who has been on a similar journey and knows the pitfalls where the hero may f all. Without this figure in Marlow’s journey, he fell into the temptation of staying in the unconscious "evil" domain. Conrad never gave Marlow a guide, in essence, dooming him to fail his mission. At the beginning of the protagonist’s journey it seemed as though the "two women . . . knitting black wool" (Conrad 13) in the trading center office were there to foreshadow the mortal death of Marlow. One may have drawn this conclusion because this is an obvious reference to the women who knitted while watching aristocrats executed by the guillotine during the French Revolution. I believe it meant something much more deep. A good writer, one of Conrad’s caliber, does not place superfluous scenes, words, or phrases in his or her book. He writes only what he needs to write. With that in mind, because Marlow did not die at the end of his journey, therefore the women then had to represent something else. They foreshadowed the death of Marlow’s soul. They knew he was without a spirit guide because they were aware the Trading Company had not offered him one. They also knew Kurtz hadn’t had a guide either. There were multiple uses of the word soul in the final chapter, many of which talked of the inability for a man’s soul to escape the forest.

Balancing modern and traditional living

It's difficult to hoose because they â€Å"wanna be a part of one world cause it's all shiny and fast but afraid to let go of the other world that's slower and more familiar. â€Å"(pg. 4). This new world, it's fast paced, technologically advanced and overwhelming and it's exceptionally diverse from the peace and calm of life on the reserve. Garnet wants to assimilate to modern society because â€Å"[he] was embarrassed about being an Indian†¦ † (pg. 19) and at various times he was Hawaiian, Polynesian, Mexican orChinese; basically anything other than the â€Å"scary lookin', dirty, drunk, fghtin' in the streets or passed out in the alley'(pg. 22) Indians that his foster father has shown him a while back. The speed of the world is getting faster and faster with the Whitemans inventions and it's hard to differentiate between worlds, the lure of the unknown is great and this modern time is unfamiliar to the ‘born to the land' Indians. Media is, by far, an important source of a lot of our self-education nowadays and we rely on this ermanent source of information to help us learn more about other cultures, beliefs and topics.But it can also be a problematic device as rumours and stereotypical opinions can be spread with a click of the mouse. Back then, books were the major source of information, and when the only books written are by white-men who only are one viewpoint of many in the world, things can get pretty one-sided and it's hard to know what's actually an accurate source of truthful information. Manda Van Os Balancing modern and traditional living By mandavanos ï » ¿Balancing Modern and Traditional Living Balance is an important factor in every life. It’s essential to maintain the control and calm while also experiencing the highs and lows. In Keeper ‘N Me by Richard Wagamese, the protagonist, Garnet Raven, is struggling to figure out his identity knowing that his skin is brown but not understanding how to be â€Å"Indyunn† as he was brought up â€Å"†¦in all-white homes, going to all-white schools [and] playing with all-white kids†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Technology and material items of this new, fast paced life along with media that promotes Indians negatively and the pressure of making your existence count by working so much you have no time to actually enjoy life and all of its values are some of the reasons that balance is even more essential now than ever. The attraction of modern and ‘shiny’ things, as Keeper says, that pull people away from traditional practices and values are indeed, extremely persuasive.It’s difficult to choose because they â€Å"wanna be a part of one world cause it’s all shiny and fast but afraid to let go of the other world that’s slower and more familiar.†. This new world, it’s fast paced, technologically advanced and overwhelming and it’s exceptionally diverse from the peace and calm of life on the reserve. Garnet wants to assimilate to modern society because â€Å"[he] was embarrassed about being an Indian†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and at various times he was Hawaiian, Polynesian, Mexican or Chinese; basically anything other than the â€Å"scary lookin’, dirty, drunk, fightin’ in the streets or passed out in the alley†Indians that his foster father has shown him a while back. The speed of the world is getting faster and faster with the Whitemans inventions and it’s hard to differentiate between worlds, the lure of the unknown is great and this modern time is unfamiliar to the ‘born to the land’ Indians. Media is, by far, an importa nt source of a lot of our self-education nowadays and we rely on this permanent source of information to help us learn more about other cultures, beliefs and topics.But it can also be a problematic device as rumours and stereotypical opinions can be spread with a click of the mouse. Back then, books were the major source of information, and when the only books written are by white-men who only are one viewpoint of many in the world, things can get pretty one-sided and it’s hard to know what’s actually an accurate source of truthful information.

Catcher in the Rye Song Project

â€Å"Under the Bridge† – Red Hot Chili Peppers Analysis In this song, the lead singer, Anthony Kiedis, is describing how after a drug addiction he moved to a different city to start a new life. This relates to Holden in Catcher in the Rye because after he was kicked out of school he had a hard decision to make. He either could go to his home before his parents knew about the expulsion, or he could run away to New York. Anthony and Holden both choose to go to the city. Also in the song and the book, the singer and Holden turn to drugs as a way to help their lives. Obviously that is the wrong choice, but anyways Holden, although underage, drinks as a means of an anti-depressant. â€Å"†¦The more depressed I got, and I decided, while I was walking and all, to stop off and have a drink somewhere† (90). This quote shows just one of a couple instances where Holden wants to drink because he is depressed or lonely. Anthony Kiedis, just like Holden, turned to hard drugs because he felt lonely from his family and friends. â€Å"Shake Me Down† – Cage the Elephant Analysis This song is about how the lead singer, Matt Shultz, dealt with the death of his last family member. He talks about how people usually grief and turn to drugs to help deal with someone’s loss. The line â€Å"I’ll keep my eyes fixed on the sun† shows how Matt is being optimistic and trying to make his life better from the death. In The Catcher in the Rye, Holden’s brother Allie dies and Holden has a bold reaction to his death. â€Å"I was only thirteen, and they were going to have me psychoanalyzed and all, because I broke all the windows in the garage† (38-39). Although Holden has a completely different reaction to a family member’s death, this song relates to Holden because it shows the different ways that people deal with a person’s death. Use Somebody† – King’s of Leon Analysis Throughout this song, the writer describes a person that is trying to find somebody to accompany him that has similar personalities. Holden Caulfield throughout the book goes around meeting new people but most of the time he is depressed and lonely. Holden relates to the song’s character because they both need someone in their lives to fix their problems. â€Å"The first thing I did when I got off at Penn Station, I went into this phone booth. I wanted to give somebody a buzz†¦but when I got inside, I couldn’t think of anybody o call† (59). This quote shows how Holden wanted to talk to someone, but anybody he thought of he found a reason not to call him or her. In the song, the singer repeats the same phrase â€Å"You know I could use somebody† to emphasize the need of a friend. Holden is the same in this case, being he needs someone to help him break his negative attributes. â€Å"Express Yourself† – NWA Analysis The main theme in â€Å"Express Yourself† by N. W. A. is to practice what you preach. An important trait to Holden is genuineness and not being a phony, which is why this song relates to him. Many of their other songs such as and â€Å"Straight Outta Compton† and â€Å"F*** Tha Police† were banned from the radio even though they did contain a lot of the truth about their lives and some of the corruption and brutality they faced in their lives. Meanwhile, other artists produced phony music and imitated others. Being â€Å"straight-up† and truthful is something Holden values a lot. â€Å"Or they kill where the hip-hop starts/Forget about the ghetto, and rap for the pop charts. † This line from the song talks about sell-out rappers who make music just for the money and fame. These kinds of people are phonies. Another quote from the song is, â€Å"It's crazy to see people be/what society wants them to be, but not me. † The meaning of this is that other people around him change to make others happy and to fit in, but he won’t. Holden is just like this. His brother D. B. â€Å"sold-out† by moving to Hollywood and being a screenwriter. Holden doesn’t want to follow the same path. â€Å"Basket Case† – Green Day Analysis Green Day’s singer Billie Joe Armstrong wrote this song while he was in a wretched state of emotional distress. Instead of facing his problems, he would resort to drugs and complaining. This song fits in perfectly with how Holden is handling his problems. After being kicked out of a private school in which his mother paid for, he delays telling her until he can get his emotions under control. He goes to New York City and tries to get drunk to relieve his stress, as Billie Joe Armstrong did with drugs. â€Å"Am I just paranoid? Or I'm just stoned. † This song also talks about the constant paranoia he faces. Holden also has to deal with being paranoid as he is clearly insecure. It is rare that the reader will find Holden describing somebody positively. He is constantly making shallow judgments about the people he encounters. He says, â€Å"I’m not kidding, some of these very stupid girls can really knock you out on the dance floor. † Before even having a conversation with her, he already comes to the conclusion that she is a stupid girl. This proves his insecurity because he is seeing his imperfections through others and criticizing them for it. â€Å"Unwell† – Matchbox Twenty Analysis This song was written from the point of view of a depressed person, rather than a crazy person. I feel that Holden would fall into the category of a depressed person rather than a crazy person. He states several times that he really is just lonely. He says,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"What I really feel like, though, was committing suicide. I  felt like jumping out the window. †Ã‚  This may contribute to his depression. This type of depression that he has doesn’t stop him from doing what he wants; it just places an ongoing negative mindset, always judging people. He says, â€Å"The worst part was, the jerk had one of those very phony, Ivy League voices, one of those very tired, snobby voices. He sounded just like a girl. He didn’t hesitate to horn in on my date, the bastard. † This shows his rashness towards people he doesn’t really know. He is just immediately generalizing the people around him. â€Å"Seventy Times 7† – Brand New Analysis This song relates to Holden’s interpretation to a lot of the people he sees. He views everyone like the writer of this song does: as shallow, ignorant and mentally weak. The writer says, â€Å"So, is that what you call a getaway? Tell me what you got away with. Cause I've seen more spine in jellyfish. I've seen more guts in eleven-year-old kids. † He’s exposing the subtle weaknesses of man, much like Holden does in his thoughts. These lyrics are the kind of assumptions that Holden would make about people before even talking to them. This song also fits the way Holden lives his life, â€Å"Back in school they never taught us what we needed to know, like how to deal with despair, or someone breaking your heart. † These are some of Holden’s biggest problems. His failure in his previous relationships will heavily contribute to his ongoing disparity. Dear Holden Caulfield, Over the years I have known you, I have noticed that your personality has changed for the worse. You have gone from a fantastic brother who I loved hanging out with to a lousy, lonely, and depressed person who I feel separated from. I don’t even know who the hell you are anymore! You’ve become a damn childish brat even though you are what now 16 years old? One of the things I hate the most is you think that everything is crap. Movies, people, and everything! It is all crap! You always accuse people of being phony. What exactly is a phony? Have you ever thought of yourself being a phony? Everything you say is a contradiction. In reality, the people you call phony are just average, friendly people. Using your definition of a phony, your own brother would be a phony because he writes stuff for movies. I almost forgot about your social problems. Now, I can’t really ridicule you for this, but you are a lonely person. You don’t have any friends and make people soak in your own sorrows. We need to get someone for you that fix that problem; I’m not worrying about that now though. Your always depressed too damnit. And that makes everyone around you depressed as well. You always have to ruin everybody’s good time. Everything would be going well then all of a sudden you come along and screw up everything. I have decided to get a little creative with the situation. I made you a CD and sent it to you up in Pency Prep. It is a compilation of songs that describe you as a person. It is filled with songs that describe how you coped with your brother’s death, loneliness, and other qualities you have. The first song I have for you is â€Å"Basket Case† by Green Day. This song describes how someone didn’t face their problems and forgot about them. You do the same exact thing. Instead of facing your parents when you get kicked out of Pency, you run away to the city and put away the issue. This song is related to the next song in a way, which is â€Å"Under the Bridge† by the Red Hot Chili Peppers. This song describes the singer turning to drugs to fix his problems, just like you turn to alcohol as an anti-depressant. The singer also shows how he ran off to Los Angeles, just like how you ran off to New York, to â€Å"fix† his problems. Another song I picked for you was â€Å"Unwell† by Matchbox Twenty. The singer in this song tells the listeners he is not crazy but instead just epressed. I felt like that related to you because people may think you have some anger management issues or something, but you’re just extremely depressed and lonely. I also thought that â€Å"Express Yourself† by NWA was an appropriate song for you. This song talks about being true to yourself, and makes fun of people who are fake or phony. Do I ha ve to explain this one? You think everything is phony, I mean seriously, this song is probably your favorite song ever. This next song, â€Å"Shake Me Down† by Cage the Elephant, shows how people deal with someone’s death. During the song the singer talks about people who can’t get over the death, just like you and your mother. You even broke all the windows in the garage because of your anger over your brother’s death! I mean damn, that is a way you could react I guess. Another song I put on the CD was â€Å"Use Somebody† by Kings of Leon. The singer in this song shows the need of a friend in people’s life. You definitely could use a friend. Maybe they can help get rid of your depression and loneliness. The next song I put on there was â€Å"Seventy Times 7† by Brand New. The singer relates to you because both of you have the same outlook on people. that they are ignorant, mentally weak, and phony. This song, â€Å"What’s My Age Again† by Blink-182 is the perfect example of you. The song is about a person that acts nothing like his real age. You act like an immature child even though you are 16. The title even describes you. You say people think you are older than you actually are because of your height, but you are only 16! Another song I put on was â€Å"Prayer of the Refugee† by Rise Against. This song describes a refugee that says he is independent and doesn’t want help but yet people try to help him.